In brief Definition: indefinite pronouns refer to people, things or places in a non-specific way. Four series: some, any, every, no combined with -one, -body,

In brief General rule: add -th to the cardinal number. four → fourth, six → sixth. Three absolute irregulars: one → first, two → second,

In brief Present subjunctive: invariable verb base for all persons. No -s at the 3rd person singular. To be remains be everywhere. Past subjunctive: form

In short In / On / At (place): in for an enclosed space, on for a surface, at for a precise point In / On

In short Multiple roles: So acts as an adverb, a conjunction, and a discourse marker depending on context. Degree: Before an adjective or adverb, so

In short Either… or: used in affirmative sentences to express two choices. Neither… nor: used in negative sentences when both choices are excluded. Expressing agreement

In short Direct speech: word-for-word quotation in quotation marks: She said, “I am tired.” Reported speech: reported words without quotation marks, with backshifting of tenses: